By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U. S. C. 1701 et seq . ) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U. S. C. 1601 et seq . ) (NEA), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby determine and order: Section 1 . National Emergency . As President of the United States, my highest duty is protecting the national security, foreign policy, and economy of this country.
Certain foreign actors are increasingly creating and exploiting vulnerabilities in the United States bulk-power system, which provides the electricity that supports our national defense, vital emergency services, critical infrastructure, and economy. During my first term, I found that the bulk-power system could be a target of those seeking to commit malicious acts against the United States, including malicious cyber activities, because of the significant risks that a successful attack would have on our economy, human health and safety, and national defense.
Since my first term, the threat to the United States regarding foreign supply of bulk-power system electric equipment has become even more acute: The rapid growth of advanced manufacturing, data centers, artificial intelligence, and defense production has increased the Nation’s dependence on abundant, reliable electricity and magnified the consequences of a successful attack or supply disruption on the bulk-power system.
The minimal restrictions on acquisition or operation in the United States of foreign-produced bulk-power system electric equipment augment the ability of some foreign entities to create and exploit vulnerabilities in such equipment; for instance, such equipment might have digital backdoors built into their systems that allow a foreign country to access that equipment remotely. Further, continued United States reliance on foreign sources of bulk-power system electric equipment with these potential national security vulnerabilities…